Order: Ostropales       Family: Graphidaceae Species: Graphina ruiziana Growth type crustose. Photos: On Holly. Gougane Barra, Co. Cork, SW Ireland. Identified by Brian Coppins Whitish or grey-green thallus, sometimes barely developed. The clusters of scattered prominent, elevated, short apothecia are 0.5-2.2mm in length, usually unbranched. True exciple is well developed, +/- shining, sometimes white-pruinose near disc, continuing below hymenium. Discs are narrow and slit-like. Pycnidia are occasional. Occurs on smooth, leached bark of Holly, young Oak and Rowan in damp, sheltered, upland woods. Most frequent in western Ireland. Lichen products absent. Shown on same thallus as the smaller Graphina pauciloculata

Graphina ruiziana and Graphina pauciloculata February 2010